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Cloud Computing Models: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

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Cloud Computing Models: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS About us Investors Partners Careers Solutions SOLUTIONS Zero Trust Suite Quantum-Safe Cryptography (QSC) SalaX Secure Collaboration Security Risk Assessment, Quantification & Mitigation By Topic Just-in-Time Access Secure vendor access Credentials & Secrets Management Hybrid & multi-cloud access management Interactive tour: Privileged Access in the Cloud M2M connections IT Audits & Compliance Secure file transfer By Industry Managed Service Providers (MSP) Operational Technology (OT) Federal Government Security Products SECURE ACCESS & SECRETS MANAGEMENT SECURE FILE TRANSFER & ENCRYPTION NQX™ quantum-ready encryption Tectia™ SSH Client/Server Tectia™ z/OS SalaX Secure Collaboration Secure Mail 2024 Secure Messaging 2024 SalaX Secure Collaboration Solutions SOLUTIONS PrivX Zero Trust Suite SalaX Secure Collaboration Strong ID-based access with Entra ID & Zero Trust Suite Quantum-Safe Cryptography (QSC) Security Risk Assessment, Quantification & Mitigation Device trust & access and identity verification Identity-based authentication & converged IAM and PAM TOPICS Just-in-Time Access Secure vendor access Credentials & Secrets Management Hybrid & Multi-Cloud Access Management Interactive tour: Privileged Access in the Cloud M2M Connections Management IT Audits & Compliance Secure File Transfer INDUSTRIES Managed Service Providers (MSP) Operational Technology (OT) Federal Government Security Healthcare Data Security OT Security IT/OT convergence of data & systems Zero Trust Access and ZSP Workflow approvals Secure remote access  Secure patch management  OT Compliance Discovery and threat intelligence Phishing-resistant MFA & device trust Products SalaX SECURE COLLABORATION Secure Mail Secure Messaging Secure Sign SalaX Secure Collaboration FQX File Encryptor SECURE ACCESS & SECRETS MANAGEMENT PrivX™ PAM PrivX™ OT Edition PrivX Key Manager SECURE FILE TRANSFER & ENCRYPTION Tectia™ SSH Server Tectia™ SSH Server for IBM z/OS PrivX Desktop NQX™ quantum-safe encryption Services SSH Risk Assessment™ Professional Services Support Contact us Customer cases PrivX Zero Trust PAM Enterprise Key Management UKM Tectia SFTP for servers & mainframes SSH Secure Collaboration Resources SSH Academy Content library Blog References Press releases Downloads Manuals Events & Webinars Media Legal Report a vulnerability Solutions SOLUTIONS PrivX Zero Trust Suite SalaX Secure Collaboration Strong ID-based access with Entra ID & Zero Trust Suite Quantum-Safe Cryptography (QSC) Security Risk Assessment, Quantification & Mitigation Device trust & access and identity verification Identity-based authentication & converged IAM and PAM TOPICS Just-in-Time Access Secure vendor access Credentials & Secrets Management Hybrid & Multi-Cloud Access Management Interactive tour: Privileged Access in the Cloud M2M Connections Management IT Audits & Compliance Secure File Transfer INDUSTRIES Managed Service Providers (MSP) Operational Technology (OT) Federal Government Security Healthcare Data Security OT Security IT/OT convergence of data & systems Zero Trust Access and ZSP Workflow approvals Secure remote access  Secure patch management  OT Compliance Discovery and threat intelligence Phishing-resistant MFA & device trust Products SalaX SECURE COLLABORATION Secure Mail Secure Messaging Secure Sign SalaX Secure Collaboration FQX File Encryptor SECURE ACCESS & SECRETS MANAGEMENT PrivX™ PAM PrivX™ OT Edition PrivX Key Manager SECURE FILE TRANSFER & ENCRYPTION Tectia™ SSH Server Tectia™ SSH Server for IBM z/OS PrivX Desktop NQX™ quantum-safe encryption Services SSH Risk Assessment™ Professional Services Support Contact us Customer cases PrivX Zero Trust PAM Enterprise Key Management UKM Tectia SFTP for servers & mainframes SSH Secure Collaboration Resources SSH Academy Content library Blog References Press releases Downloads Manuals Events & Webinars Media Legal Report a vulnerability About us Investors Partners Careers SSH Academy Cloud Cloud Access Management Cloud Applications Cloud Computing Cloud Computing Models Cloud Computing Pros and Cons Cloud Computing Security Cloud Computing Services: Characteristics Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management (CIEM) Cloud Security Buyer's Guide Cloud Security Maturity Model Cloud Service Providers IaaS Immutable Infrastructure in Modern IT PaaS SaaS Virtualization Technology Compliance Cybersecurity Compliance Basics of SSH Compliance Basics of SSH Key Compliance Basel III Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) Ensuring ISO 27001 with PAM Fips 200 GDPR HIPAA ISACA ISO 27001 NIS Directive A Guide to NIS2 Directive NIST Cybersecurity Framework NIST 2.0 Cybersecurity Framework NIST 7966 NIST 800-53 PCI-DSS Sans Top 20 Sarbanes Oxley Understanding PAM Standards Cryptography Cryptography Explained Cryptography and the Quantum Threat Encryption Key Management Private & Public Keys Quantum Computing & Post-Quantum Algorithms What is File Encryption? Identity and Access Management (IAM) What is Identity and Access Management (IAM)? What is IAM Zero Trust Framework? What is Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA)? A Guide to Zero Trust Architecture Active Directory Entra ID by Microsoft Ephemeral Certificates & Ephemeral Access Gartner CARTA How PAM Complements Existing IAM IAM vs PAM Identity Governance and Administration (IGA) Identity Management Jump Server Just-in-Time Access Just-in-Time Security Tokens Key IAM Concepts for IT Professionals Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) OpenID Connect (OIDC) Privileged Identity Management (PIM) Radius Sudo User Account Types User IDs Unified IAM-PAM solution Internet of Things (IoT) IoT Security IoT: Accessing IoT devices for SSH What is IIoT? Operational Technology What is OT Security? Best OT Security Solutions Best Practices for Secure Remote OT Access Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity: Key Concepts Explained How to Safeguard Your OT Network Without Separate IT/OT Solutions How to Secure IoT and OT Systems: A Practical Guide ICS OT Security Industrial Automation Cybersecurity: Key Considerations and Risks IT vs OT Navigating OT Security Standards OT, ICS, SCADA explained OT Risk Management: What It Is and Why You Need It OT Security Assessment OT Security Best Practices OT Security Essentials OT Governance: Key Principles for Effective Implementation PAM and IACS Integration PAM & IEC 62443 Access Control Standards PAM for Energy Sector PAM for Manufacturing PrivX for Energy Sector PrivX for Forestry Industry Remote Diagnostics for Ships Remote Maintenance of Pulp&Paper Machines SCADA Security Essentials: Your Need-to-Know Guide What Is OT Monitoring and Why Is It Important? What is the IT/OT Convergence? Why Is Zero Trust Access Important in OT? Password and Secrets Management A Guide to Passwordless and Keyless Authentication Break-Glass Access Credential Management System Password and Key Rotation Password Attack Types Password Generator Password Strength Best Practices Password Vaults Passwordless Authentication - Advantages Passwordless Authentication - Implementation Passwordless Explained pt. 1 Passwordless Explained pt. 2 Secrets Management Guide Secrets Vault Zero Standing Privileges (ZSP) Privileged Access Management AI in PAM for Predictive Security Automating PAM Best PAM Solutions 2025 Comparing PAM Solutions Challenges in Cross-Platform PAM Integrating PAM with SIEM KPIs for PAM Least Privilege PAM Best Practices PAM Checklist PAM Enhances Remote Work Security PAM Lifecycle Management PAM Vendors: Must-Have Capabilities for Effective Access Control Privileged Access Management (PAM) Privileged Access Management (PAM) in the Cloud PrivX MFA The Strategic Role of PAM PAM - IT Benefits for Different Industries PAM for Pharmaceuticals Data Security PAM for Healthcare PrivX PA; for Financial Industry Data PrivX PAM for Government and Public Sector PrivX PAM for Healthcare Industry PrivX PAM for Manufacturing PrivX PAM for Media and Entertainment Industry PrivX PAM for Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Data Privileged Accounts and Sessions Privilege Elevation and Delegation Management Privileged Account PrivX Against Privileged Account Hijacking Privileged Account and Session Management (PASM) Root Accounts Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) What is Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)? PKI Background PKI Certificates X.509 Certificates Secure Information Sharing (SIS) Business Email Compromise (BEC) Business Email Compromise: How to Prevent BEC Attacks Digital Signatures Email Phishing Enterprise Email Security Secure Data Sharing Secure Email Gateways (SEGs) Secure Shell (SSH) What is Secure Shell (SSH)? What is the Secure Shell (SSH) Protocol? Automated M2M Connections Network Monitoring OpenSSH OpenSSH Server Process (SSHD) Port 22 Remote File Copy (RCP) Remote Login (rlogin) Remote Shell (RSH) Secure File Copy (SCP) Session Key Single Sign-On (SSO) Using SSH Agent SSH Command SSH Configuration SSH for Windows SSH Software Downloads SSH Server SSH Server Configuration Tectia SSH Server Telnet WinSCP SSH protocol Vs Microsoft: A Comprehensive Guide Security Orchestration Basics of Security Orchestration Data Loss Prevention (DLP) Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) Security Operations Center (SOC) Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) SFTP & Secure Remote Access File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Clients File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Legacy File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Servers Obsolescent Secure File Transfer Protocol (FTPS) Secure Remote Access (SRA) SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) SSH Clients What are SSH Clients? Tectia SSH Client PuTTY Background PuTTY Download PuTTY for Linux PuTTY for Mac PuTTY for Windows PuTTY for Windows Installation PuTTY Public Keys PuTTYgen for Linux PuTTYgen for Windows SSH Keys A Basic Overview of SSH Keys Authorized Key Authorized Keys File Authorized Keys in OpenSSH CAC and PIV Smartcards Copy ID Passphrase Passphrase Generator Public Key Authentication SSH Host Key SSH Key SSH Key Identities SSH Key Management SSH Key Proliferation SSH Keys for SSO SSH Keygen SSH Tunneling SSH Tunneling SSH Tunneling Example Hacks, Threats & Vulnerabilities BothanSpy & Gyrafalcon Breaches in Operational Technology Breaches Involving Passwords & Credentials GoScanSSH Malware Man-in-the-Middle Prevent Data Exfiltration with PrivX PAM PrivX PAM Against Malware & Ransomware Password Sniffing Cloud Computing Models (IaaS, PaaS & SaaS) Cloud computing refers to offering computing services from servers in a network. Typically cloud services are available on demand, can be accessed over a network, share resources between multiple applications and tenants, scale elastically based on dynamic computing needs, and provide measured service.

Cloud computing and services are typically based on the ownership of the infrastructure (and to whom services are offered) and based on the general architecture visible to users (e.g., are generic computing instances provided, are they providing a platform for applications, or are they providing complete application software solutions as a service).

Contents Based on Infrastructure Ownership Public Cloud Private Cloud Virtual Private Cloud Community Cloud Hybrid Cloud Based on Service Model, Architecture, and Flexibility IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) Cloud vs. Virtualization Based on Infrastructure Ownership Public Cloud Cloud most often means a public cloud. Most well-known and popular cloud services are public clouds. A public cloud basically offers services to any number of customers (the general public) and is accessible from the public information (subject to security restrictions - see cloud security.

Public clouds are offered by a plethora of cloud service providers.

Private Cloud A private cloud uses the infrastructure to provide services only to a single customer. A private cloud is close related to virtualization but provides many of the benefits of public clouds, such as elastic scaling and resource sharing.

Many large enterprises run sizable private clouds using various technologies.

Virtual Private Cloud A virtual private cloud (VPC) is an isolated set of servers within a public cloud. Typically, the VPC would have a VPN connection to the enterprise network, and might logically seem to be part of the internal enterprise network.

Community Cloud A community cloud extends the private cloud to incorporate multiple customers within a defined community (e.g., within an industry, such as health care or a cloud service serving diverse agencies and departments of the same government). This model is often preferred when the data is regulated and sensitive, and a degree of trust is required between the customers to accept the risks of cloud computing.

Hybrid Cloud A hybrid cloud has characteristics of both a public cloud and a private cloud. For example, some resources could be offered to the public, while some are reserved for internal use.

Based on Service Model, Architecture, and Flexibility Another way to classify cloud services is by their service model and architecture.

IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) In IaaS, the cloud service provides computing infrastructure, such as virtual machines, storage, containers, and serverless computing.

PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) In PaaS, the cloud service provides a computing platform, typically tied to a particular set of programming languages, tools, and applications. Generic operating system access (command line) is typically not permitted and the same virtual machines may be shared by multiple users. Typical examples include Google App Engine and many web hosting services.

SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) In SaaS, an application running in the cloud is offered as a service. The cloud service provider handles all infrastructure and upgrades and provides the application software. The customer basically just gets to use the software. The software may run in a customer-specific virtual machine, multiple software instances may run in the same virtual machine, or the same application server instance could even serve multiple customers.

Software offered as a service is generally offered on a subscription basis - for example, the customer pays a monthly fee per user to use the software. However, not all software offered on a subscription basis is SaaS - these days it is increasingly common to offer even software run on customer premises as a typically annual subscription, as it provides lower initial costs for customers and higher and smoother run-rate income for vendors and their investors.

Cloud vs. Virtualization Virtualization is a technology that allows many logical computers (virtual machines) to run on the same physical hardware. It is the underlying technology in cloud services. However, cloud computing has certain characteristics, such as elastic scalability, that are not always offered by virtualization alone.

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